一、编译部署Nginx 1.X
安装配置:[root@localhost ~]# groupadd nginx[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -M nginx[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld#关掉selinux#服务器文件描述符等[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ glibc automake pcre zlip zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel wget lrzsz[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/[root@localhost src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.12.0[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# make[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# make install注:--prefix:Nginx安装目录--user:Nginx用户--group:Nginx用户所属组--with-http_ssl_module:提供https支持--with-http_flv_module:搭建flv视频服务器使用的--with-http_stub_status_module:开启Stub Status模块,该模块会产生一个服务器状态和信息页--with-http_gzip_static_module:开启Gzip静态模块,该模块用于发送预压缩文件--with-pcre:perl执行文件路径配置服务:[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service[Unit]Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy serverAfter=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target[Service]Type=forking PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID KillMode=process KillSignal=SIGQUIT TimeoutStopSec=5 PrivateTmp=true[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target验证:[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# chmod a+x /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# systemctl start nginx[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ps -ef | grep nginxroot 24412 1 0 16:31 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx 24413 24412 0 16:31 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker processroot 24415 10541 0 16:31 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx访问:http://192.168.146.136
二、安装PHP 7.2.10
yum安装方式:
安装php:[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove httpd-tools.x86_64[root@localhost ~]# whereis php[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/lib64/php /etc/php /etc/php.d/ /etc/php.ini /usr/local/php /usr/share/php /usr/local/php[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove php*[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-embedded php72w-fpm php72w-gd php72w-mbstring php72w-mysqlnd php72w-opcache php72w-pdo php72w-xml配置文件:[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/libphp7-zts.so /usr/local/apache2.4.25/modules/[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/libphp7.so /usr/local/apache2.4.25/modules/相关启动命令:[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start php-fpm[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status php-fpm
编译安装方式:
新增帐号:[root@localhost ~]# groupadd www[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www -M www安装依赖:[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc autoconf gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel systemd-devel openjpeg-devellibtool会生产libphp7.so安装php7.2.10:[root@localhost ~]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.10.tar.gz[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf php-7.2.10.tar.gz[root@localhost ~]# cd php-7.2.10[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# ./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/php \--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \--with-zlib-dir \--with-freetype-dir \--enable-mbstring \--with-libxml-dir=/usr \--enable-xmlreader \--enable-xmlwriter \--enable-soap \--enable-calendar \--with-curl \--with-zlib \--with-gd \--with-pdo-sqlite \--with-pdo-mysql \--with-mysqli \--with-mysql-sock \--enable-mysqlnd \--disable-rpath \--enable-inline-optimization \--with-bz2 \--with-zlib \--enable-sockets \--enable-sysvsem \--enable-sysvshm \--enable-pcntl \--enable-mbregex \--enable-exif \--enable-bcmath \--with-mhash \--enable-zip \--with-pcre-regex \--with-jpeg-dir=/usr \--with-png-dir=/usr \--with-openssl \--enable-ftp \--with-kerberos \--with-gettext \--with-xmlrpc \--with-xsl \--enable-fpm \--with-fpm-user=www \--with-fpm-group=www \--with-fpm-systemd \--disable-fileinfo \--disable-phpdbg \--disable-dtrace \--enable-opcache[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# make[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# make test[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# make install配置文件:[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conferror_log = /usr/local/php/var/php-fpm.logpid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid[root@localhost etc]]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d[root@localhost php-fpm.d]]# cp www.conf.default 管理php-fpm服务: [root@localhost php-fpm.d]]# cd /root/php-7.2.10[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# cp ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start php-fpm[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status php-fpm添加环境变量:[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile在末尾追加:export PATH=$PATH:'/usr/local/php/bin/'[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile验证版本:[root@localhost ~]# php -vPHP 7.2.10 (cli) (built: Jan 21 2019 23:25:27) ( NTS )Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP GroupZend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
三、配置nginx 1.12支持php7.2.10
在网站目录下建立一个文index.php的文件,验证php是否正常(下图表示成功):[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf location / { root html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php http://192.168.146.136/
四、部署MySQL 5.6.16
1、编译安装MySQL前的准备工作安装编译源码所需的工具和库[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl autoconf libtool -y安装cmake,从http://www.cmake.org下载源码并编译安装[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft[root@localhost soft]# wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz如果提示SSL下载不了,就接--no-check-certificate参数[root@localhost soft]# tar -xzvf cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz[root@localhost soft]# cd cmake-2.8.10.2[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# ./bootstrap[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# make[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# make install[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# cd ~2、设置MySQL用户和组[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql3、新建MySQL所需要的目录新建mysql安装目录[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql新建mysql数据库数据文件目录[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldb4、下载MySQL源码包并解压[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft[root@localhost soft]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.16.tar.gz[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxv -f mysql-5.6.16.tar.gz[root@localhost soft]# cd mysql-5.6.16从mysql5.5起,mysql源码安装开始使用cmake了,设置源码编译配置脚本。[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysqldb -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# rm CMakeCache.txt[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# make[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# make install[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# cd ~5、修改mysql相关目录所有者和组修改mysql安装目录权限:[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .[root@localhost mysql]# cd ~修改mysql数据库文件目录权限:[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/mysqldb[root@localhost mysqldb]# chown -R mysql:mysql .[root@localhost mysqldb]# cd ~6、初始化mysql数据库[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql[root@localhost ~]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldb7、生成my.cnf配置文件[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf注:如果/etc/my.cnf文件存在,则覆盖。8、复制mysql服务启动脚本及加入PATH路径[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATHexport PATH[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH9、启动mysql服务并加入开机自启动(可选这个步骤,以后可以自己启动的)[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf#填入下面这行datadir = /data/mysqldb[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysqld on10、检查mysql服务是否启动[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tulnp | grep 3306 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p 密码为空,如果能登陆上,则安装成功。11、修改MySQL用户root的密码[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation密码12345612.测试php连接数据库将网站目录下index.php内容替换成如下,验证数据库是否正常(如下图表示正常):[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/test.php close();?>13、可能会出现的错误问题: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)解决:新建一个链接或在mysql中加入-S参数,直接指出mysql.sock位置。[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -S /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
五、部署测试网站
部署一个网站(CMS)作为测试,国内比较有名的CMS有织梦、phpcms等,国外有worepress、drupal等。这里以drupal 8为例。详细可参考:https://www.drupal.org/docs/user_guide/en/index.html1、建立数据库、数据库用户和密码、授权用户权限[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> CREATE DATABASE drupal CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;mysql> CREATE USER drupal@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456';mysql> GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES ON drupal.* TO 'drupal'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';mysql> flush privileges;mysql> exit2、下载设置网站[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/[root@localhost gxm]# wget https://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-8.6.1.tar.gz[root@localhost gxm]# tar -zxvf drupal-8.6.1.tar.gz[root@localhost gxm]# rm -f drupal-8.6.1.tar.gz[root@localhost gxm]# mv drupal-8.6.1/* .#权限设置3、输入如下地址启动安装程序